Method of constructing armatures for dynamo-electric machines



Mar. 27, 1923.

1,449,371. MACHl NES.

- V. G. APPLE.

METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING ARMATURES FOR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC FILED SEPT. 15, 1919.

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FILED SEPT. 15, 1919.

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Mar. 27, 1923.

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METHOD OF CONSTRUCTING ARMATURES FOR D YNAMO-E-LECTRIC MACH FILED SEPT. 15, 1919.

175050237" Z Z/m/ CZ 252p 6 r Y Patented 27, 19 23.

UNITED STATES PATENT- orrlcaf VINCENT G. APPLE, OF DAYTON, OHIO. V

"'mn'rnon or cons'rnuo'rme'mnrunnsron nYnmo-nmcrmc memes.

A ucmon'm a September 15, 1919. Serial No. 324,020.

ing -Armatures for Dynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

.This invention relates to a method of constructing armatures for dynamo electric machines.

One of the objects of. the invention is to improve armatures for dynamo electric mathe armature in arelatively refractory in-'.

chines by entirely enclosing the windings of sulating armor. 1 V 1 Another object is to provide a method of procedure, whereby the windings are saturated with a condensation product and while in a plastic state are reformed by pressure and preliminarily hardened by application of heat. Subsequentlyall of the conductors of the armature are encased in an insulating covering or armor, preferably composed of.

condensation product and which is subjected to eater pressure and heat than. the preliminary coating whereby the conductors of placed thereon.

. colls, are coated with snmlar varnish as they the armature are protected from the destructive efiect of the necessarily high pressure re quired to successfully apply the second coating.

In carrying the invention into effect the laminae constituting the coreof the armature, are coated with a condensation product, such as liquid condensite, or bakelite varnish and allowed to dry. They are then assembled and subjected to pressure sufficient to cause adhesion of the adjacent rings or discs to make the core-structure self supporting while the conducting wires are The conducting wires, or

' are being applied, or thereafter. When the windings are in place the armature is then preferably enclosed in a mold and subjected to relatively slight pressure, whereby they may be pushed into uniform shape and configuration and while in the mold they are subjected to heat to harden the condensation product about the windings and to cause greater adherence of the core parts. The structure is then removed from the mold and placed'in'another mold, wherein an armor of condensation product is formed around the armature conductors, entirely covering or encasing them, and it may also be placed about and between the commutator bars, or

sections, to hold the bars in spaced apartrelation and to support the commutator upon the core structure.

During the second treatment it is preferably, subjected'to a greater pressure and h gher temperature than before. The windings are, however, better enabled to withstand the greater pressure and higher temperature because of the prior treatment, by the effect of which the preliminarily hardened phenolic compound protects the wires as the subsequent heating does not soften it. By this. method ofconstruction the armature is insulated and the parts are firmly held together by the same adhesive, insulating, relatively refractory medium.

In the drawings Fig. 1 is an elevation of a conventional laminae of an armature.

Fig. 2 shows apile of the laminae, to constitute the core, placed between two pressure applying elements.

Fig. 3 is an end view'of the armature, without the spider.

Fig.- 4 is a section of one of the moldsor presses in which the armature is preliminarily placed, for the purpose of reforming the coils and forpreliminarily hardening the liquid insulating medium with which they are coated.

Fig. 5 is the mold or-press in which the armature is placed for the second operation showing the application of the condensation roduct around the conductors and supportin the commutator by the armature core. F ig. 6 is a section taken on line 66 of ig. 5. r

In all the views thesame reference characters are employed to indicate similar parts.

10 represents a conventional armature laminae having peripheral openings or notches 11 within which the windings 12 are to be contained. The laminae are placed upon a'spider 13 and then subjected to pressure, between two pressure applying ele- The pressure causes adhesiveness between adjacent laminae sufiicient to hold the core 'structure'together so that it becomes a self supporting member-of the armature. After the core thus formed has been taken from the mold or press, it is then wound in proper form with conductors that are located within the notches or openings 11 around the periphery of the core. During the winding operation, or immediately thereafter, the

conductors, which are usually covered with cotton -or silk, are saturated with a phenolic.

varnish and before the varnish becomes hardened, the wound core is, placed in the mold 17, shown in Fig. 4, in which the con ductors 12, located at the respective ends of the armature,-are re-formed or pressed into uniform shape and configuration, by the relatively light pressure applied to the mold parts and then the armature, while in the mold, is subjected to heat, of a relatively low temperature. This is accomplished while the armature windings are plastic or pliable and the wires constituting the same may be easily moved or pressed into shape or position and the application of arelatively low temperature does not injure the armature windings but is sufficient to set the cementitious material, or cause it to harden. The armature is then removed from the mold and'permitted to 0001, after which it is placed in another mold 18 of slightly different configuration, so that an insulating material 19 may be formed around the outside of the coils 12 and at the same time the commutator bars. '20 may be properlyspaced apart, as shown. in Fig. 6, and temporarily held at the end of the armature -so that the insulatingmediumv 19 may be i 0.

- and around the end of the armature, as at molded around the commutator, as at 21,

22. The mcdium'21 is sufficiently stron to hold the commutator inplace, 'sup-porte on "i the core of the *armature and at the same 45 time it serves as an insulation between the adjacent bars. Armature wires 23 are led from the armature coils andc'onnected to the commutator bars 20 by suitable means, as by passing them thru small apertures 24 or in any other desirable-way of securing the respective bars tojthe armature coils.

After the armature has been subjected to greater heat and higher pressure in the mold 18, shown in-Fig. 5, for the purpose of pacing the armor 19 around the coil, it is then removed from the mold and after being'cooled, it is in proper condition for operation. 7

When the core of the armature is subjected to pressure and heat in'the press letand 15, as shown in Fig. 2, the spider 13. may at the same time be within the core structure so that the. application of pressure to the laminae will have the eflect of causing adhes1on between the respective laminae and claim is the spider, so that the spider will not need any other means of connecting these parts together when the structure is subsequently treated, as in the mold 18 and subjected to the higher temperature, the setting ofthe cement between the leaves or disks of the laminated structure and between it and the spider, tends to make a very adhesive union between these parts.

In placing the armature structure in the mold 18, the phenolic condensation product may be placed in powdered form in the groove 26 within which the ends of the windings 12 of the armature core are located and furthermore a condensation product may also be placed in and around the upper end of the armature, whereupon the plunger 27, when placed within the body part 28 of the mold and forced into the positionshown in Fig. 5 will cause the powdered material to be forced into intimate I contact with the parts ofthe core, around which space in the mold is left for the purpose and the heat will convert it into a hardened homogeneous mass.

The moldgring 30 mayhave any suitable means for the purpose of temporarily ho1ding the commutator bars 20in spaced relation. The ring 30 maybe held in place in the mold after the commutator bars .are located thereon in a manner described, by. means of screws 29,ta-kin"g thru the spacing rings 30- into the portion 31 of the mold.

The part 31 is held in the positionshown,

by bolt 32, and a nut 33",that engages the member 34 of the mold. The parts are asend ofthe bolt and whichipa'ssS thru the sembled in the manner describedjbefore the plunger 27 is introduced into the moldand when the armaturehas been completed,as herein disclosed, the parts of the mold are disassembled and the armature removed therefrom.

While I'have herein shown a single embodiment of my invention and a means and method by which it ma be carried into effect, it will, be manifest to persons skilled in the art that many changes may be made in the general arrangement and confi ration of the parts and" slight changes in t e mode of operation within the scope of the appended claims. I Having described my invention, what I 1. Steps in a method for building armatures for dynamo electric machines, which consists in winding conducting wires on a core of an armature-and coating the wire 2. The method of building armatures for dynamo electric machines, which consists in winding conducting wires on the core of an armature and coating the wires with a phenolic varnish; applying pressure and heat to the windings to shape them while pliant and to harden the varnish; covering the windings with a coating of phenolic product and again subjecting the structure to pressure and heat greater than that primarily applied to harden the covering.

3. Steps in the method of building armatures for dynamo electric machines which consists in winding the conducting wires on the core of an armature and coating the wires with a heat hardening phenolic varnish; applying pressure and heat to the windings while pliant to harden the varnish; spacing commutator segments about the armature; connecting the coils of the windings to the respective segments; covering the windings and parts of the segments with a coating of heat hardening phenolic product and subjecting the structure to pressure and heat greater than that primarily applied to harden the coverings and commutator supports.

4. Steps in the method of building armatures for dynamo electric machines which consists in coating the laminae of the core with phenolic varnish; stacking the laminae and applying pressure sufiicient to make the core self-supporting; winding the core with conductor coils; varnishing the conductors; applying heat to the core and windings'rwhile the latter are pliant to harden the varnish and to increase its adhesiveness; covering the hardened windings with a condensation product; applying pressure and again applying heatto the structure to complete the reaction of said product to harden it.

In testimony whereof I hereunto subscribe my name.

VINCENT G. APPLE. 

